1کارشناس ارشد شناساییو مبارزه با علفهای هرز دانشگاه شیراز شیراز، ایران
2استادیار بخش زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه شیراز شیراز، ایران
چکیده
به منظور ارزیابی اثر گیاهان پوششی سورگوم، شبدر ایرانی و شنبلیله بر جمعیت علفهای هرز و عملکرد سیبزمینی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز در سال زراعی 1391 انجام شد. آزمایش به صورت طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با پنج تیمار و چهار تکرار، انجام گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل شاهد بدون وجین علفهای هرز، شاهد وجین شده، گیاهان پوششی سورگوم، شبدر ایرانی و شنبلیله کشت شده همراه سیبزمینی بود. بعد از تیمار بدون وجین، کمترین وزن کل علفهای هرز متعلق به تیمار سیبزمینی کشت شده با گیاه پوششی سورگوم و پس از آن شنبلیله بود. پیچک، تاجخروس و سلمهتره، به عنوان علفهای هرز غالب مزرعه، کمترین جمعیت را در تیمار گیاه پوششی سورگوم دارا بودند. برای صفت عملکرد غده سیبزمینی تیمارهای اعمال شده، اختلاف معنیداری را با یکدیگر نشان نداده و تمام تیمارها باعث کاهش عملکرد غدهها شدند و بیشترین کاهش عملکرد مربوط به تیمار سورگوم بود. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، از این گیاهان پوششی میتوان به منظور مدیریت غیرشیمیایی علفهای هرز سیبزمینی بهره برد.
Effect cover crops compound cultivation with potato on its yield and weeds control
نویسندگان [English]
Elham Fasihfar1؛ Zahra Hosseini Cici2
1M.Sc. in identify and weed control, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
Email:
Elham.fasihfar@gmail.com
*Corresponding author
2Assistant professor, Department of crop production and plant breeding, Shiraz University,Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]
To evaluate the effect of cover crops including sorghum, Persian clover and fenugreek on potato yield and weed population, an experiment was conducted as complete randomized block design with four replication in Shiraz University, Research Station of Agriculture Faculty, in spring and summer of 2012. The treatments control with and without weed control measures, and mentioned cover crops cultivated with potato. After weedy control, the less weed dry matter possessing plots was observed in potato-clover compound planting. Sorghum-potato and fenugreek systems were in the last places. Fieldbind weed, redroot pigweed and lambsquarters as dominant weeds had the least population in the sorghum-potato treatment and afterwards in the clover and fenugreek. All treatments reduced potato tuber yield and there was no significant differences between them. On the whole cover crops can be used for weeds management of potato farms as a none chemical option.
Anderson RL, Beck DL (2009) Characterizing weed communities among various rotations in central South Dakota. Weed Technology 21:76-79.
Ashton FM (2007) Weed science (principles and practices). Translated by: Ghadiri H. Shiraz University Publication.
Baziramakenga R, Leroux GD (1998) Economic and interference threshold densities of quackgrass (Elytrigiarepens) in potato (Solanumtuberosum). Weed Science 11:176-180.
Boyd N, Gordon R, Asiedu S, Martin R (2001) The effects of living mulches on tuber yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Biological Agriculture & Horticulture 18 (3):203-220.
Buhler DD (2009) 50th Anniversary—Invited Article: Challenges and opportunities for integrated weed management. 34 (3): 26-37.
Campiglia E, Paolini R, Colla G, Mancinelli R (2009) The effects of cover cropping on yield and weed control of potato in a transitional system. Field Crops Research 112 (1):16-23.
Dyck E, Liebman M, Erich MS (1995) Crop-weed interference as influenced by a leguminous or synthetic fertilizer nitrogen source: I. Doublecropping experiments with crimson clover, sweet corn, and lambsquarters. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 56 (2):93-108.
Harris PM (2012) The potato crop: the scientific basis for improvement. Springer Science & Business Media. 27: 126-134.
Jabran K, Cheema Z, Farooq M, Basra S, Hussain M, Rehman H (2008) Tank mixing of allelopathic crop water extracts with pendimethalin helps in the management of weeds in canola (Brassicanapus) field. International Jornal of Agricultual Biology 10 (3): 293-296.
Judice WE, Griffin JL, Etheredge Jr LM, Jones CA (2007) Effects of crop residue management and tillage on weed control and sugarcane production. Weed Technology 21 (3): 606-611.
Khajepour M (2004) Industrial crops. Isfahan University Publication.
Khosh-khui M, Shaybany B, Rouhani I, Tafazoli E (2007) Principles of horticultural science. Shiraz University.
Meyghani F, Khalghani J, Ghorbanli ML, Najafpour M (2006) Study of allelopathic potential of Trifoliumresupinatum and T. alexandrium on seed germination of convolvulus arvensis, amaranthus retroflexus, secale cereale and sinapis arvensis. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology 74: 81-102.
Midmore D, Roca J, Berrios D (1988) Potato (Solanum spp.) in the hot tropics IV. Intercropping with maize and the influence of shade on potato microenvironment and crop growth. Field Crops Research 18 (2):141-157.
Petroviene I (2002) Competition between potato and weeds on Lithuania, s sandy loam soils. Weed Research 12: 286-287.
Prakash V, Pandey A, Srivastava A (2004) Relay intercropping of potato (Solanumtuberosum) in maize (Zea mays) under mid-hill condition of north-western Himalaya. Indian Journal Of Agricultural Science 74 (2): 64-67.
Rajalahti RM, Bellinder RR, Hoffmann MP (1999) Time of hilling and interseeding affects weed control and potato yield. Weed Science 24: 215-225.
Singh H, Batish D, Kohli R (2010) Sustainable weed management. Translated by: Ghorbani R, Rashed mohassel MH, Hosseini SA, Mousavi SK, Hajmohammadnia ghalibaf K. . Ferdowsi University Of Mashhad Publication.
Teasdale J, Mohler C (1992) Weed suppression by residue from hairy vetch and rye cover crops. In: Proceeding of First International Weed Control Congress 23: 516-518.
Totterdell s, Roberts E (1980) Characteristics of alternating temperatures which stimulate loss of dormancy in seeds of Rumex obtusifolius L. and Rumexcrispus L. Plant, Cell & Environment 3 (1):3-12.
Uchino H, Iwama K, Jitsuyama Y, Ichiyama K, Sugiura E, Yudate T, Nakamura S, Gopal J (2012) Effect of interseeding cover crops and fertilization on weed suppression under an organic and rotational cropping system: 1. Stability of weed suppression over years and main crops of potato, maize and soybean. Field crops Research 127:9-16.
Vangessel MJ, Renner KA (1990) Effect of soil type, hilling time, and weed interference on potato (Solanumtuberosum) development and yield. Weed Technology 4 (2): 299-305.
ابتدای صفحه