تأثیر تاریخ کاشت بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دو رقم کلزا در منطقه خوزستان

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسنده

عضئ هیأت علمی سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات خرما و میوه های گرمسیری کشور

چکیده

تاریخ کاشت مناسب کلزا در شمال و جنوب خوزستان به‎واسطه تناوب زراعی، شرایط آب، خاک و اقلیم بسیار محدود می‌باشد، لذا تعیین رابطه عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کلزا با تاریخ کاشت بسیار ضروری است. این آزمایش به صورت کرت‌های یک‎بار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‎های کامل تصادفی با هفت تیمار، تاریخ کاشت در کرت‌های اصلی و دو رقم کلزا در کرت‌های فرعی طی دو سال زراعی اجرا گردید.  نتایج نشان داد که تأخیر در کاشت کلزا سبب کاهش معنی‌دار عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد، درصد جوانه‎زنی، طول دوره گل‎دهی و رسیدگی، ارتفاع ساقه و افزایش معنی‌دار فاصله زمانی کاشت تا سبز شدن گردید. بین تاریخ کاشت با عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کلزا همبستگی منفی و معنی‌داری در سطح احتمال 1% وجود داشت. در این تحقیق اول آبان ماه تاریخ کاشت مطلوب بوده و نتایج به­دست آمده روند نزولی عملکرد هیبرید Hyola401 و رقم آزاد گرده‎افشان RGS003 را در تاریخ­های کاشت نا­مطلوب  نشان داد. بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق، کاشت هیبرید Hyola401  از اول الی بیستم آبان ماه در اولویت اول و در صورت عدم امکان آن، کاشت رقم آزاد گرده‌افشان RGS003 در دامنه تاریخ کاشت اول الی آخر آبان ماه در خوزستان توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of sowing date on the yield and yield components of two canola cultivars in Khuzestan area

نویسنده [English]

  • Abdol Amir Rahnama
Scientific Board of Iranian Date Palm and Tropical Fruits Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extention Organization.
چکیده [English]

Optimal sowing date of canola is limited in south and north of Khuzestan province of Iran by rotation, water, soil and climate conditions and so determination of the relationship between yield and yield components with planting date is necessary. In order to determine the effect of sowing date on the yield and yield components of two canola cultivars, an experiment was carried out as split plot based on a randomize complete block design with four replications during 2004-2005. Seven planting dates were allocated to the main plots and two canola cultivars were arranged in subplots. Based on the results, delay in canola planting caused significant decrease in yield and yield components, seed germination percentage, flowering and maturity duration, plant stem height and significant increase of planting to emergence period. There was significant negative correlation between planting date and yield at %1 probability level. Optimal planting date was October 22 and results revealed decreasing trend in Hyola401 hybrid and RGS003 cultivar yield in non optimal planting dates. In conclution, planting Hyola401 during October 22 to November 12 was recommended and if it was not possible, RGS003 planting during October 22 to Novemer 22 could be advisable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Canola
  • Delay in planting
  • Planting date
  • yield
  • Yield components

مراجع

Anonymous (2003) Rape seed increase report in 2000-2010 decade. Iranian Jihad-e-Agriculture Ministry, 84 pp. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Auld DL, Bettis BL, Dail MJ (1984) Planting date and cultivar effect on winter rape production. Agronomy Journal 76:197-200.
Degenhart DF, Kondra ZP (1981) The influence of seeding date and seeding rate on seed yield and yield components of five genotypes of Brassica napus L. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 61: 175-183.
Ghalibaf M, Alyari H, Golozani K (2000) Different sowing date effects on yield and yield component of four outum canola cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Science 10 (1): 55-62. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Habekotte B (1993) Quantitative analysis of pod formation. Field Crop Research 38:21-23.
Hocking PJ, Stapper M (2001) Effect of sowing time and nitrogen fertilizer on canola and wheat, and nitrogen fertilizer on Indian mustard. Australian Journal of Agricultural Science. Camb. 97: 389-415.
Leach JERJ, Darby IH, Williams B, Fit DL, Rawlinson, CJ (1994) Factors affecting growth and yield of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Agricultural Science 122: 405-413.
Mendhame NJ, Shipway PA, Scott RK (1981) The effect of delayed sowing and weather on growth, development and yield of winter oil seed rape. Journal of Agricultural Science. Camb. 97: 389-415.
Ozer H, Oral E, Dogru U (1999) Relationship between yield and yield compornents on currently improved spring rapeseed cultivars, Turk Journal of Agriculture 23: 603-607.
Rahnama A (1997) The study of relative tolerance of progressive canola varieties to terminal drought and temperature stress in warm region. Agricultural and NaturalResources Research Center of Khouzestan, Iran, Final Report, 55 pp. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Rahnama A (2002) Optimum canola varieties sowing date determination in north Khouzestan, Iran. Safiabad Agricultural Research Center. Final Report, 32 pp. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Rahnam A, Jafarnegadi A (2007) The study on the possibility of canola seed loss compensation in delayed sowing dates with high level nitrogen application. Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khouzestan, Iran. Final Report, 25 pp. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Rahnama A, Jafarnegadi A (2009) Optimum nitrogen level determination in different canola sowing dates in Khouzestan, Iran. Crop Production Journal 32(1) 53-63. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Roodi A (2005) Study of canola cultivation effects on wheat seed yield in canola wheat rotation in warm region. Final Report, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, 25 pp. [In Persian with English Abstract]
Scarisbrick DM, Daniels RW, Alcock M (1981) The effect of sowing date on the yield and yield components of spring oil-seed rape. Journal of Agricultural Science. Camb. 97: 189-195.
Whitfield DM (1992) Effect of temperature on colza exchang of pod of oil seed rape. Field Crops Research 22: 4-10.

فایل ها

اشتراک گذاری

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار