1استادیار گروه تولیدات گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گنبد کاووس
2دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز.
3کارشناس ارشد ژنتیک حیوانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گنبد کاووس
چکیده
به منظور مکانیابی QTLهای مرتبط با صفات زراعی در برنج، یک جمعیت F2:3حاصل از تلاقی دو رقم ایندیکا شاهپسند و IR28 برای مکانیابی صفات زراعی در برنج استفاده شد. نقشه پیوستگی حاصل از 33 نشانگر ریز ماهواره حدود 336 سانتی مورگان از نقشه برنج را روی کروموزومهای یک و شش پوشش داد. جمعیت نقشهیابی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه گنبد کاووس پرورش داده شد. پنج QTL، برای بیوماس (دو QTL) و شاخص برداشت (سه QTL) تشخیص داده شد. آللهای افزایش دهنده صفات برای کلیه QTL های ردیابی شده جز qHI-1aشناسایی شد. QTL های مرتبط با شاخص برداشت با اثر افزایشی از والد IR28 روی کروموزومهای 1 (qHI-1b) و 6 (qHI-6) تشخیص داده شد. تعداد دانه پر، ارتفاع گیاه، طول خوشه، تعداد خوشه، وزن دانه و وزن خوشه مکان یابی شد. سه QTL برای تعداد دانه پر روی کروموزوم 1 (دو QTL) و کروموزوم 6 (یک QTL) ردیابی شد. همچنین سه QTL روی کروموزومهای 1 و 6 برای تعداد خوشه، یک QTL برای ارتفاع گیاه، وزن خوشه و طول خوشه روی کروموزوم 6 و برای وزن دانه روی کروموزوم 1 ردیابی شدند. آللهای IR28 در qFG-1a، qFG-1bو qFG-6تعداد دانه پر را افزایش داد. از بین QTL های ردیابی شده، سه QTL به ترتیب برای تعداد دانه پر(qFG-1a)، طول خوشه (qLP-6) و وزن دانه (qWG-1) بزرگ اثر تشخیص داده شدند و بهترتیب 33/14، 45/12 و 99/11 درصد از تغییرات فنوتیپی را توجیه نمودند. نتایج نشان داد که QTL های جدید ردیابی شده نقش مهمی در رشد جمعیت برنج داشتند و ابزار مهمی برای اصلاح صفات زراعی محسوب می شوند.
1Assist. Prof. in Biometrical Genetic, Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture Science and Natural
Resource, Gonbad Kavous University, Iran.
2M.Sc. in Agronomy, College of Agricultural Science, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
3M.Sc. in Animal Genetic, College of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Iran.
چکیده [English]
In order to mapping of QTLs related to agronomical traits, an F2:3 population derived from the cross between Shahpasand (indica) and IR28 (indica) was used to mapping agronomic traits in rice. The linkage map constructed by 33 simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers covered a total of about 336 cM rice chromosomes 1 and 6. Mapping population was grown in Gonbad Kavous University. Five QTLs, for biomass (Two QTLs) and harvest index (Three QTLs) were identified. The allele from IR28 parent increased biomass production. The additive effects of all alleles, except the alleles of qHI-1a increased measured traits in the plant. The QTLs related to harvest index were located on chromosomes 1 and 6 where the allele from IR28 at qHI-1b and qHI-6 increased harvest index. Number of filled grains, plant height, and panicle length, number of panicle, grain weight, and panicle weight were mapped. Three QTLs for number of filled grain were detected on chromosome 1(two QTLs) and choromosome 6 (1 QTL). Indeed, three QTLs on chromosomes 1 and 6 for the number of panicles, one QTL for the plant height (chromosome 6), one QTL for the panicle length and grain weight (chromosome 1) were identified. IR28 alleles in qFG-1a, qFG-1b and qFG-6 increased number of filled grains. Among these QTLs, the three major QTLs with very large effects, i.e. qFG-1a for number of filled grain, qLP-6 for panicle length and qWG-1 for grain weight explained 14.33, 12.45 and 11.99% of the total phenotypic variances, respectively. The results reinforced the idea that, new QTLs of this study could play an important role in the developing of rice populations.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
QTL mapping, rice, linkage map
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