سنک بید و صنوبر،Monosteira unicostata ، از آفات مهم گونهﻫﺎی مختلف بید و صنوبر در بسیاری از نقاط کشور به شمار میﺭود که به طور مستقیم به برگﻫﺎ و غیرمستقیم روی کیفیت و کمیت چوب این درختان خسارت وارد میﺳﺎزد. بهمنظور بررسی میزان مقاومت گونهﻫﺎی مختلف بید به این آفت، سازوکار مقاومت آنتیﺯنوزی 11 گونه بید در شرایط آزمایشگاهی در سال 1387در ﻣﺆسسه تحقیقات جنگلﻫﺎ و مراتع تهران بررسی گردید. قلمهﻫﺎیی سه تا شش برگی از 11 گونه بید شامل Salix acmophylla،S. aegyptiaca، S. alba، S. elbursensis، S. rodini، S. excelsa، S. fragilis، S. triandra، S. wilhelmsiana، S. zygostemon و S. matsudana انتخاب و حشرات کامل سنک پرورش یافته روی گونهﻫﺎی بید S. acmophylla و S. alba به تفکیک جنسیت در دستگاه بویاییﺳﻨج روی قلمهﻫﺎ در هشت تکرار رهاسازی شدند. تعداد حشرات جلب شده به هر یک از گونهﻫﺎ پس از 16 ساعت به ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ گونهﻯ بید و ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺖ حشره شمارش و ثبت گردید و مورد تجزیه و تحلیل آماری قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که بین گونهﻫﺎی بید از نظر تعداد حشرات جلب شده پس از 16 ساعت در سطحاحتمال ﻳﻚدرصد اختلاف معنیﺩار وجود دارد. گونهﻫﺎی S. acmophylla، S. matsudana، S. alba و S. excelsa به ترتیب دارای بیشترین میزان جلب حشرات کامل بودند و به عنوان میزبانﻫﺎی حساس تا نسبتاً حساس نسبت به آفت شناسایی شدند. همﭼﻨﻴﻦ گونهﻫﺎی S. aegyptiaca، S. elbursensis،S. fragilis ، S. rodini، S. wilhelmsiana و S. zygostemon با کمترین میزان جلب حشرات کامل، به عنوان میزبانﻫﺎی نسبتاً مقاوم یا مقاوم در نظر گرفته شدند.
Antixenosis resistance of different willow species to willow and poplar lace-bug, Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant & Rey) (Hemiptera: Tingidae)
نویسندگان [English]
ali ahadiyat1؛ seyyed abrahim sadeghi2؛ hadi ostovan3؛ saeed moharramipor4؛ gadir nouri ganbalani5؛ sattar zeinali6؛ davod shamohammadi7
1department of entomology, college of agriculture and natural resources, science and researchbranch, islamic azad university, tehran, iran.
2research associated professor and expert, department of forest and range protection, research instituteof forests and rangelands,tehran.
3peofessor of entomology department, fars science and resarch branch, islamic azad university, marvdasht
4associated professor, department of entomology, faculty of agriculture, tarbiat modares university, Tehran
5professor, faculty of agriculture, mohaghegh ardebili university, ardebil
6research associated professor and expert, department of forest and range protection, research instituteof forests and rangelands,tehran.
7researcher, alborz research station, research institute of forests and rangelands, karaj
چکیده [English]
Willow and poplar lace-bug, Monosteira unicostata, is considered as an important pest of willow and causes serious damages directly on leaves and indirectly on timbers quality and quantity of willow and poplar species and clones in Iran. Antixenosis resistance of 11 willow species including Salix acmophylla, S. aegyptiaca, S. alba, S. elbursensis, S. rodini, S. excelsa, S. fragilis, S. triandra, S. wilhelmsiana, S. zygostemon and S. matsudana to willow and poplar lace-bug was evaluated under laboratory condition during 2008 at Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran. Willow 3-6-leaf cuts of each species were taken and exposed to adult bugs developed on two willow species, S. acmophylla and S. alba, then collected and released in a designed olfactometer at normal room conditions. The experiment was carried out with eight replications. Number of male and female bugs attracted to each willow species were recorded after 16 hours. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference (P < 0.01) in number of attracted lace-bugs to willow species. The most lace-bug numbers were attracted to S. acmophylla, S. matsudana, S. alba and S. excelsa, respectively and they were considered as the most susceptible species to the lace-bug. The lowest attraction of lace-bugs was observed in S. aegyptiaca, S. elbursensis, S. fragilis, S. rodini, S. wilhelmsiana and S. zygostemon, and they could be considered as the most or relatively resistant species.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Salix spp, olfactometer, host pereference
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