بررسی عملکرد دانه، اجزای عملکرد و صفات مورفولوژیک گلرنگ‎ بهاره با استفاده از روش‎های آماری چند متغیره

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم وتحقیقات تهران.

2 استاد پژوهش مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج.

3 استادیار پژوهش مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج.

4 مربی مسئول تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج

چکیده

به منظور بررسی عملکرد دانه، اجزای عملکرد و برخی از صفات مورفولوژیک گلرنگ بهاره،30 ژنوتیپ مختلف در بهار سال‎های 1384 و 1385 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شبستر واقع در 60 کیلومتری تبریز مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت. آزمایش در هر دو سال در قالب طرح بلوک‎های کامل تصادفی  با سه تکرار انجام گرفت. صفات مورد اندازه‎گیری شامل ارتفاع بوته، تعداد دانه در طبق اصلی، وزن طبق اصلی، وزن کل طبق‌ها، تعداد طبق یک بوته، بیوماس بوته، زمان گل‎دهی، زمان رسیدگی، وزن هکتولیتر، وزن 100  دانه، عملکرد دانه، بیوماس و شاخص برداشت بود. عملکرد دانه با صفات ارتفاع بوته، تعداد دانه در طبق، وزن هکتولیتر و بیوماس رابطه مثبت و معنی‎داری داشت. استفاده از دو روش رگرسیون گام به گام و رگرسیون صعودی  نشان داد که در هر دو روش  بیشترین تغییرات عملکرد دانه توسط صفات ارتفاع بوته، بیوماس بوته، وزن هکتولیتر و وزن100 دانه ایجاد شده است. تجزیه ضرایب همبستگی عملکرد دانه با صفاتی که بیشترین تغییرات عملکرد دانه را ایجاد کردند نشان داد که کلیه صفات اثر مستقیم مثبتی روی عملکرد دانه دارند. بزرگ‎ترین اثر مربوط به وزن هکتولیتر و ارتفاع بوته و در مرتبه بعدی مربوط به وزن 100 دانه و کمترین اثر مستقیم به بیوماس بوته بود.  نتایج نشان داد که صفات ارتفاع بوته، بیوماس بوته، وزن هکتولیتر و وزن 100 دانه بیشترین اثر مستقیم را بر عملکرد دانه دارند، بنابر این بهتر است ژنوتیپ‏هایی انتخاب شوند که از نظر چهار صفت مذکور دارای مقادیر بیشتری می‏باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study the yield, yield components and morphological traits in the spring safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) using multivariatestatistical approaches

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Reza Ahmadzadeh 1
  • eslam majidi 2
  • bahram alizadeh 3
  • amirhasan omidi 4
1 Ph. D.Student of the Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
2 Prof. of Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Prof. of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute. KARAJ, Iran.
4 Scientific Board of Seed and plant Improvement Institute. KARAJ, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to study the relationship between seed yield, yield components and some morphological traits, an
experiment with 30 different genotypes of spring safflower was conducted at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University (Shabestar Branch) during 2005 and 2006. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications, and 13 traits such as plant height, number of seeds per head, weight of main head in each plant, weight of all heads, number of heads per plant, total biomass, flowering time, time of maturity, hectoliter weight, weight of 100 seeds, seed yield and harvest index were measured. A positive significant colleration was found between grain yield with plant height, hectoliter weight, total biomass and number of seeds per head. Stepwise regression and path coefficient analysis of grain yield as a dependent variable and other traits as independent variables revealed that plant height, plant weight, weight of 100 seeds and hectoliter weight had a positive direct effects on the seed yield. The highest effects were determined by the hectoliter weight, plant height and weight of 100 seeds and the lowest by plant biomass.   Therefore, it is suggested to consider the three mentioned above main characters in the breeding programes which are strongly related to the seed yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Safflower
  • Grain yield
  • Yield components
  • Stepwise and path analysis

مراجع

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