1دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم وتحقیقات تهران.
2استاد پژوهش مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج.
3استادیار پژوهش مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج.
4مربی مسئول تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج
چکیده
به منظور بررسی عملکرد دانه، اجزای عملکرد و برخی از صفات مورفولوژیک گلرنگ بهاره،30 ژنوتیپ مختلف در بهار سالهای 1384 و 1385 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شبستر واقع در 60 کیلومتری تبریز مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت. آزمایش در هر دو سال در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام گرفت. صفات مورد اندازهگیری شامل ارتفاع بوته، تعداد دانه در طبق اصلی، وزن طبق اصلی، وزن کل طبق‌ها، تعداد طبق یک بوته، بیوماس بوته، زمان گلدهی، زمان رسیدگی، وزن هکتولیتر، وزن 100 دانه، عملکرد دانه، بیوماس و شاخص برداشت بود. عملکرد دانه با صفات ارتفاع بوته، تعداد دانه در طبق، وزن هکتولیتر و بیوماس رابطه مثبت و معنیداری داشت. استفاده از دو روش رگرسیون گام به گام و رگرسیون صعودی نشان داد که در هر دو روش بیشترین تغییرات عملکرد دانه توسط صفات ارتفاع بوته، بیوماس بوته، وزن هکتولیتر و وزن100 دانه ایجاد شده است. تجزیه ضرایب همبستگی عملکرد دانه با صفاتی که بیشترین تغییرات عملکرد دانه را ایجاد کردند نشان داد که کلیه صفات اثر مستقیم مثبتی روی عملکرد دانه دارند. بزرگترین اثر مربوط به وزن هکتولیتر و ارتفاع بوته و در مرتبه بعدی مربوط به وزن 100 دانه و کمترین اثر مستقیم به بیوماس بوته بود. نتایج نشان داد که صفات ارتفاع بوته، بیوماس بوته، وزن هکتولیتر و وزن 100 دانه بیشترین اثر مستقیم را بر عملکرد دانه دارند، بنابر این بهتر است ژنوتیپهایی انتخاب شوند که از نظر چهار صفت مذکور دارای مقادیر بیشتری میباشند.
Study the yield, yield components and morphological traits in the spring safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) using multivariatestatistical approaches
نویسندگان [English]
Ali Reza Ahmadzadeh1؛ eslam majidi2؛ bahram alizadeh3؛ amirhasan omidi4
1Ph. D.Student of the Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
2Prof. of Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
3Assistant Prof. of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute. KARAJ, Iran.
4Scientific Board of Seed and plant Improvement Institute. KARAJ, Iran.
چکیده [English]
In order to study the relationship between seed yield, yield components and some morphological traits, an experiment with 30 different genotypes of spring safflower was conducted at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University (Shabestar Branch) during 2005 and 2006. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications, and 13 traits such as plant height, number of seeds per head, weight of main head in each plant, weight of all heads, number of heads per plant, total biomass, flowering time, time of maturity, hectoliter weight, weight of 100 seeds, seed yield and harvest index were measured. A positive significant colleration was found between grain yield with plant height, hectoliter weight, total biomass and number of seeds per head. Stepwise regression and path coefficient analysis of grain yield as a dependent variable and other traits as independent variables revealed that plant height, plant weight, weight of 100 seeds and hectoliter weight had a positive direct effects on the seed yield. The highest effects were determined by the hectoliter weight, plant height and weight of 100 seeds and the lowest by plant biomass. Therefore, it is suggested to consider the three mentioned above main characters in the breeding programes which are strongly related to the seed yield.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Safflower, Grain yield, Yield components, Stepwise and path analysis
مراجع
1. Abel, G. H. and Driscoll, M. F. 1976. Sequential traits development and breeding for high yield. Crop Science 16: 213-216.
Akbari, G. A., Omidi, A. H., Hoseinzadeh, K. and Dadresan, M. 2006. Study on physiological and agronomic characteristics of winter safflower genotypes. The 9th Iranian Crop Sciences Congress, Abouryhan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran. P. 256. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Ashri, A., Zimmer, D. E., Urie, A. L., Cahaner, A. and Knowles, P. F. 1975. Evaluation of the germplasm collection of safflower Carthamus tinctorius L.VI. Length of planting to flowering period and plant height in Israel. Utah and Washington. Theor. Appl. Genet. 46: 356-364.
Corleto, A., Cazzato, E. and Ventricelli, P. 1997. Performance of hybrid and open pollinated safflower in two different Mediterranean environments. Proceeding of the Fourth International Safflower Conf., Bari., Italy. Pp. 276-278.
Corleto, A., Cazzato, E. and Ventricelli, P. 1997. Performance of hybrid and open pollinated safflower in two different Mediterranean environments. Proceeding of the Fourth International Safflower Conf. Bari., Italy. 276-278.
Eskandari Torbaghan, M. 2004. Evaluation of safflower genotypes and correlation between grain yield with yield components in dry land conditions. Proceeding of 8th Congress of Crop Science and Plant Breeding, Gilan university, Iran, P. 15. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Filizadeh, Y. 1991. Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of safflower lines. M.Sc. Thesis in Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Ghodrati, G. and Mirzaii Nodushan, H. 1997. Evaluation of cytogenetic and genetic diversity in Iranian spring safflower land races. M.Sc. Thesis in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Guo Yahai, X. and Lianlu, L. 1992. The relations between yield formation and development of flowering parts as well as growth of branches and leaves. Thied International Safflower Conf., Beijing, China, Pp. 465-477.
Khidir, M. O. 1974. Genetic variability and interrelation of some quantitative characters in safflower. Journal of Agricultural Science 83: 197-202.
Mathur, J. R., Tikka, S. B., Sharman, R. K., Singh, S. and Dashoras, P. 1976. Genetic variability and path coefficient analysis of yield components in safflower. Indian Journal 8: 314-315.
Omidi Tabrizi, A. H. 1998. Evaluation of phenotypic and genotypic diversity in spring safflower cultivars using multivariate statistical method. M.Sc. Thesis in Plant Breeding. Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Iran. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Omidi Tabrizi, A. H. and Poordavai, H. 1991. Evaluation of foreign safflower genotypes for seed and oil yield. Research Report,Seedand Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Pandya, N. K., Gupta, S. C. and Nagda, A. K. 1996. Path analysis of some yield contributing traits in Safflower. Crop Research Hisar. 11: 313-318.
Pascula-Villalobos, M. J. and Alburquerque, N. 1996. Genetic variation of safflower germplasm collection grown as a winter crop in southern Spain. Euphytica 92: 327-332.
Solanaki, Z. S. and Paliwal, R. V. 1979. Correlation and path coefficient analysis in safflower. Agriculture Journal 66: 558-560.
Tuncturk, M. and Vahdettin, C. 2004. Relationship among traits using correlation and path coefficient analysis in safflower. Asian Journal of plant Sciences 3 (6): 683-686.
Zakeri, H. 1991. Effect of planting date on the yield trend and yield components of safflower cultivars. M.Sc. Thesis in Agronomy. Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan Technical University, Iran. [In Persian with English Abstract].
3. Ashri, A., Zimmer, D. E., Lurie, A. and Chaner, A. 1976. Evaluation of the world collection of safflower for yield and yield components and their relationship. Crop Science 14: 799-802.
7. Digming, K. and Yuguand, J. 1993. Principal components of agricultural properties of 30 safflower cultivars. Third International Safflower Conf., China, Pp. 572-520.
20. Weiss, E. A. 2000. Oil seed crops. Blackwell Science Ltd. Oxford, London.
21. Yoguoy, J., Dingming, K., Yunfen, J. and Jikeng, Z. 1993. The analysis of the growth of safflower. Third International safflower conf., Bijing, China, Pp. 481-488.
ابتدای صفحه