تأثیر تیمار نبضی و پیوسته محلول‎های نگهدارنده شیمیایی بر افزایش کیفیت و عمر پس از برداشت گل شاخه بریده میخک (Dianthus caryophyllus L., cv.Yellow Candy)

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشکده علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شیراز

2 کارشناس ارشد بخش علوم باغبانی دانشکده علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شیراز

چکیده

   میخک ( L. Dianthus caryophyllus) یکی از رایج­ترین گل­های بریدنی در بسیاری از کشورها بوده و دارای اهمیت زیاد اقتصادی در صنعت گل‎کاری است. به کمک برخی مواد می­توان ماندگاری گل­های بریدنی را افزایش داد. این پژوهش با هدف مطالعه اثر برخی محلول‎های شیمیایی در زمان پس از برداشت گل­های بریدنی میخک رقم Yellow Candy به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی (فاکتور A تیمارهای شیمیایی شامل شاهد، ساکاروز 5%، 8- هیدروکسی کوئنین با غلظت 350 و 500 میلی­گرم بر لیتر، سالسیلیک اسید با غلظت 300 و 500 میلی­گرم بر لیتر، استات ­کلسیم با غلظت 2 و 3 میلی­مولار بر لیتر و فاکتور B مدت زمان اعمال تیمار شامل هفت ساعت، 14 ساعت، 21 ساعت و پیوسته) در سه تکرار انجام گردید و صفات عمر گلجایی، وزن‎تر، جذب آب و کیفیت ظاهری بررسی شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که محلول­های شیمیایی تأثیر معنی‎داری بر صفات مورد بررسی داشتند (1% ≥ P). اثر زمان محلول‎دهی نیز بر صفات مورد بررسی (به جز صفت جذب آب) معنی­دار بود (1% ≥ P).  هم‎چنین اثر متقابل نوع محلول و زمان محلول­دهی برای تمامی صفات معنی­دار بود (1%≥P). نتایج مقایسه میانگین نشان داد که تیمار دو میلی‎مولار بر لیتر استات کلسیم بر صفت عمر گلجایی، تیمار 8- هیدروکسی کوئنین سیترات  با غلظت 500 میلی‏گرم بر لیتر  بر صفت وزن‎تر و کیفیت ظاهری و تیمار 8- هیدروکسی کوئنین سیترات با غلظت 350  میلی‎گرم بر لیتر بر صفت جذب آب بیشترین تأثیر را داشته­اند. اسید سالیسیلیک نیز اثر سودمندی در افزایش کیفیت گل شاخه بریدنی میخک نشان داد. در این آزمایش تیمار نبضی (pulsing) 7 ساعت محلول­دهی، بیشترین تأثیر را روی اغلب صفات بررسی شده داشت. به طور کلی، نقش استات­کلسیم در بهبود کیفیت گل­های بریده میخک، به دلیل به تأخیر انداختن و غیر فعال‎کردن برخی فرآیندهای تخریبی و فیزیولوژیکی توسط کلسیم است. هم‎چنین ماده 8-HQC، به دلیل خاصیت ضد میکروبی که دارد از تجمع میکروارگانیسم­ها در آوندها جلوگیری می­کند و مانع بسته شدن آوندها می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of pulsing and continuous treatments of chemical preserving solutions on increasing the vase life and quality of cut carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus L., cv.Yellow Candy)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Zadehbagheri 1
  • anita namayandeh 1
  • mohammadreza solati 2
  • shurangiz javanmardi 2
1 Assistant professor, College of Agricultural Science, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch.
2 M.Sc., College of Agricultural Science, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch.
چکیده [English]

Carnations are one of the most common cut flowers in many countries and have economic importance in the floriculture industry. Their vase life duration could be increased by some methods. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of some chemical solutions on cut carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus) after harvest using a factorial statistical design based on a completely random blocks (factor A: chemical treatments with eight levels including, control, sucrose, HQC350 & 500 mg L-1, salicylic acid 300 & 400 mg L-1, Calcium acetate 2 & 3 mmol L-1 and factor B: duration of treatment application with 4 levels including 7, 14, 21 and continuous hours) and with three replications and evaluation of vase life, fresh weight, water absorption and appearance quality of the flowers. The results of variance analysis showed that chemical treatments had a significant effect on the studied characteristics. The period for solution intake was also significant regarding the studied characteristics (except water absorption). The effect of interaction of the type of solution and time of solution intake was significant for all characteristics. The results of mean comparison showed that Calcium acetate 2ml had the highest effect on the shelf life of the flower and the 8-HQC500 had the most effect on the fresh weight of the flowers. Its apparent quality and finally the 8-HQC350 treatment had the most effect on the flower's water absorption. Salicylic acid also had a beneficial effect on increasing the quality of cut carnations. The pulsing treatment had the highest effect on most of the studied characteristics after a 7-hour solution intake. Generally, the role of Calcium acetate on improving the quality of cut carnations is due to its effect on postponing and deactivating some destructive and physiologic processes with the help of Calcium. Moreover, the HQC treatments, due to its anti-microbial effect, revents the accumulation of micro-organisms in xylem vascular tissues and therefore prevents their obstruction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Calcium acetate
  • Cut carnations
  • 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate
  • Pulsing treatment

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