1دانشیار گروه ماشین‌های کشاورزی باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان واحد تاکستان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تاکستان، ایران
2واحد تاکستان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تاکستان، ایران
3باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان واحد علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران، ایران
4باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان واحد تاکستان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تاکستان، ایران
چکیده
کاهش عملیات خاکورزی میتواند سبب صرفهجویی در زمان، کاهش هزینه، کاهش نیروی کارگری، کاهش مصرف انرژی و کم کردن تردد ماشینها شود. بنابراین ادوات خاکورزی باید به گونهای انتخاب شوند که ضمن مصرف حداقل انرژی، شرایط مناسب جهت جوانهزنی و رشد ریشه را در حد مطلوب فراهم آورند. در این راستا به منظور تعیین اثر روشهای مختلف خاکورزی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سیبزمینی رقم سانته، پژوهشی در سال زراعی 1393-1392 در شهرستان شهرکرد انجام شد. آزمایشها در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و چهار تیمار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل شخم با گاوآهن برگرداندار+ دیسک+ پنجه غازی+ لولر (روش مرسوم)، شخم با گاوآهن قلمی+ دو بار دیسک، شخم با گاوآهن برگرداندار+ دو بار کولتیواتور، و زیرشکن + دیسک سنگین بود. اثر روشهای مختلف خاکورزی بر میزان برگردان کردن خاک، زمان رسیدگی مرفولوژیکی، تعداد غده در واحد سطح و عملکرد محصول، در سطح 1% معنیدار بود. شخم با گاوآهن برگرداندار(روش مرسوم) بیشترین تعداد غده در واحد سطح و شخم با گاوآهن قلمی+ دوبار دیسک بیشترین میزان عملکرد محصول را داشت. بین تیمارهای مختلف خاکورزی از نظر درصد غدههای ریز و درشت اختلاف معنیدار وجود داشت. در نهایت، شخم با گاوآهن قلمی+ دوبار دیسک در کشت سیبزمینی رقم سانته پیشنهاد میشود.
Effect of several tillage methods on yield and yield components of potato cv. Sante
نویسندگان [English]
Mohammad Gholami1؛ Saeb Tabrizi Namini2؛ Mehrdad Salimi Beni3؛ Amirhossein Ahmad Beyki4
1and Amirhossein Ahmad Beyki
Young Researchers and Elite Club
Takestan Branch
Islamic Azad University
2Takestan Branch
Islamic Azad University
3Young Researchers and Elite Club
Science and Research Branch
Islamic Azad University
Tehran, Iran
4Young Researchers and Elite Club
Takestan Branch
Islamic Azad University
Takestan, Iran
چکیده [English]
Decrease of tillage operations causes time economy, decrease of cost, workers, energy consumption and cars traffic. Therefore, tillage implements should be selected in a way that consumes minimum energy providing suitable condition for budding and root growth. In this regard, aiming to determine the effect of different tillage methods on yield and yield components of potato cv Sante, a research has carried out done in 2013-2014 in Shahrekord country. Experiments were in the design of complete randomized block with three repetitions. Treatments included moldboard plow + disk + sweep cultivator + leveler (as in conventional method), chisel plow + twice discs, moldboard plow +twice cultivator, and subsoiler + heavy disc. Effect of different tillage methods had significant effects on soil return, date of tuber formation, number of tuber in surface unit and performance of the product at 1%probability level. Moldboard plow had maximum numbers of tuber and performance of the product in chisel plow + twice discs treatment had maximum yield. There was a significant difference among different tillage treatments in respect of micro and macro tubers percentage. Chisel plow + twice discs treatment suggested in planting potato cv Sante.
مراجع
References
Anonymous (1995) RNAM Test Codes & Procedures for Farm Machinery. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Bangkok. 468 pp
Asghari Mydani J (2002) Study of effect of different tillage methods and planter implements on yield components of safflower in dry farming condition. Dryland Agricultural Research Institute 81. 278 pp. [in Persian with English abstract]
References
Anonymous (1995) RNAM Test Codes & Procedures for Farm Machinery. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Bangkok. 468 pp
Asghari Mydani J (2002) Study of effect of different tillage methods and planter implements on yield components of safflower in dry farming condition. Dryland Agricultural Research Institute 81. 278 pp. [in Persian with English abstract]
Bdalikova B, Hruby J (2006) Influence of minimum soil tillage on development of soil structure. Advances in Geo ecology 39: 430-435.
Boliglowa E, Glenm K (2003) Yielding and quality of potato tubers depending on the kind of organic fertilization and tillage method. Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities 6(1): 43-51.
Gholami M, Syfzadeh S, Hanifi M, Rashidi M (2010) Effect of different tillage methods on energy indexes and yield components of safflower. Modern Science of Sustainable Agriculture Journal 6(20): 67-76. [in Persian with English abstract]
Gholami M, Bahrebar J, Rashidi M (2012) Effect of different tillage methods on yield and yield components of canola. Modern Science of Sustainable Agriculture Journal 8(2): 37-43. [in Persian with English abstract]
Ino M (1991) Effect of deep tillage on growth and yield of sweet potato. Bulletin of the Chiba Prefectural. Agricultural Experiment Station 32: 81-89.
Khosh-khui M, Shaybany B, Rouhani I, Tafazoli E (2007) Principles of horticultural science. Shiraz University Publication. 405 pp.
Omidi H, Tahmasebi Z, Ghalavand A, Modarres Sanavi S (2005) Evaluation of tillage systems and row distances on grain yield and content in two canola cultivars. Journal of Iranian Farming Sciences 7 (2): 97-111. [in Persian with English abstract]
Rodi D, Rahmanpour S, Javidfar F (2003) Canola farming. Seed and Plant Improvement Institute. 185 pp. [in Persian with English abstract]
Sadeghnezade H and Eslami K (2007) Comparison of wheat yield under different tillage methods. Journal of Agricultural Science 12(1): 103-112. [in Persian with English abstract]
Wright D, Bishop J, Harvey O (1997) Potato preplan tillage practices. Vegetable Research and Information Center. Division of Agricultural Sciences University of California. 2 pp.
Bdalikova B, Hruby J (2006) Influence of minimum soil tillage on development of soil structure. Advances in Geo ecology 39: 430-435.
Boliglowa E, Glenm K (2003) Yielding and quality of potato tubers depending on the kind of organic fertilization and tillage method. Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities 6(1): 43-51.
Gholami M, Syfzadeh S, Hanifi M, Rashidi M (2010) Effect of different tillage methods on energy indexes and yield components of safflower. Modern Science of Sustainable Agriculture Journal 6(20): 67-76. [in Persian with English abstract]
Gholami M, Bahrebar J, Rashidi M (2012) Effect of different tillage methods on yield and yield components of canola. Modern Science of Sustainable Agriculture Journal 8(2): 37-43. [in Persian with English abstract]
Ino M (1991) Effect of deep tillage on growth and yield of sweet potato. Bulletin of the Chiba Prefectural. Agricultural Experiment Station 32: 81-89.
Khosh-khui M, Shaybany B, Rouhani I, Tafazoli E (2007) Principles of horticultural science. Shiraz University Publication. 405 pp.
Omidi H, Tahmasebi Z, Ghalavand A, Modarres Sanavi S (2005) Evaluation of tillage systems and row distances on grain yield and content in two canola cultivars. Journal of Iranian Farming Sciences 7 (2): 97-111. [in Persian with English abstract]
Rodi D, Rahmanpour S, Javidfar F (2003) Canola farming. Seed and Plant Improvement Institute. 185 pp. [in Persian with English abstract]
Sadeghnezade H and Eslami K (2007) Comparison of wheat yield under different tillage methods. Journal of Agricultural Science 12(1): 103-112. [in Persian with English abstract]
Wright D, Bishop J, Harvey O (1997) Potato preplan tillage practices. Vegetable Research and Information Center. Division of Agricultural Sciences University of California. 2 pp.
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