اثر محلول‌پاشی عناصر ریزمغذی و پرمصرف بر برخی صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک ذرت در مراحل مختلف رشدی

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات واحد تبریز دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی

2 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات واحد تبریز دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی

10.22034/aej.2016.523930

چکیده

چکیده    به­ منظور ارزیابی اثر محلول­­پاشی عناصر نیتروژن، منیزیم، گوکرد و آهن در مراحل مختلف رشدی بر برخی صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی ذرت سینگل کراس 704، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی ساعتلوی ارومیه در سال زراعی 1394-1393 اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای مورد آزمایش شامل محلول­­پاشی با نیتروژن، منیزیم، گوگرد، آهن در مراحل 8-10 برگی، ظهور تاسل و پرشدن دانه بود. مراحل مختلف رشدی تأثیر
معنی­داری بر تعداد ردیف در بلال، وزن کل دانه­های بلال و وزن خشک بلال در سطح احتمال 5% و تعداد دانه در ردیف و وزن 100 دانه در سطح 1% داشت. همچنین اثر محلول­پاشی با عناصر غذایی در سطح 1% بر صفات تعداد دانه در ردیف، وزن 100 دانه، وزن کل دانه­های بلال و وزن خشک بلال معنی­دار بود. محلول­پاشی با عناصر غذایی در مراحل مختلف رشدی نیز تأثیر معنی­داری در سطح 5% بر وزن خشک بلال داشت. تیمار مرحله 8-10 برگی 46/42% ارتفاع بلال، 98/5% ردیف در بلال، 45% تعداد دانه در ردیف، 42/39% وزن 100 دانه و 84/3% وزن کل دانه­های بیشتری نسبت به مرحله پر شدن دانه داشت. بیشترین مقدار در کلیه صفات به جز صفت تعداد دانه در ردیف مربوط به تیمار کاربرد نیتروژن بود. کاربرد نیتروژن 71/45% ارتفاع بلال، 1/29% وزن 100 دانه و 61/33% وزن کل دانه­های بیشتری نسبت به خود اختصاص داد. همچنین کاربرد آهن  39/43% تعداد دانه در ردیف بیشتری نسبت به تیمار شاهد داشت. محلول پاشی 5% نیتروژن و 5 در هزار سولفات آهن سبب بهبود برخی از صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک ذرت می­گردد و این موضوع نشان می­دهد که محلول­پاشی ضمن فراهمی تغذیه مناسب گیاه از نظر اقتصادی نیز مقرون به صرفه می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of some micro-macronutrients foliar application on morpho-physiological characteristics of maize in different growth stages

نویسندگان [English]

  • Asiyeh Omid Haghi 1
  • Ebrahim khalilvand Behrouzyar 2
1 Master student Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University
2 Assistant professor Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University
چکیده [English]

77





 





23





 
 
 
ABSTRACT   To investigate the effect of some micro-macronutrients as foliar application on some morphological and physiological characteristics of maize cv. SC704 in different growth stages an experiment was conducted in factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Station of Saatlo, Urmia, north-western Iran during growing seasons of 2013-2014. Treatments were five levels of foliar application include (N (Urea), Mg (MgSO4.H2O), Fe (FeSO4.H2O), Sulfur WP, and control) and three growth stages including of the 8-10 leaves stage, the tasseling stage and the seed-filling stage. Concentrations of foliar applications were determined in ratios of 5 to 1000 for Mg, Fe and S and 5 to 100 for N. A significant effect of different growth stages on ear height, number of row on ear, number of seed on row, 100-grain weight and total seed weight was found. Also, nutrients foliar application had a significant effect on ear height, number of seed on row, 100-grain weight and total seed weigh. In all of traits, treatment of 8-10 leaves stage had the highest and nitrogen foliar application in all treatments but seed on row number had the highest value. Application of treatments on 8-10 leaves stage was more than filling stage had 42.46% ear height, 5.98% number row per ear, 45% number of seed per row, 39.42% 100-grain weight and 2.84% total seed weight on ear. N-foliar application increased 45.71% ear height, 29.1 % 100- grain weight and 33.61 % total seed weight on ear compared to control. Besides, Fe foliar application had the highest number of seed on row comparing to control (43.39%). On the whole, 5% N foliar application and 5/1000 Fe foliar application improved the some of morpho-physiological characteristics of maize. This indicates that spraying while also providing balanced nutrition, is also economically affordable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • o Fe
  • o macro nutrients
  • o micro nutrients
  • o Mg
  • o nitrogen
  • o sulfur WP

مراجع

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