اثر تاریخ کاشت بهاره بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک چند ژنوتیپ گلرنگ در شرایط اقلیمی کرمانشاه

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهان دارویی جهاددانشگاهی کرمانشاه

2 گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 گروه بیو تکنولوژی و ژنتیک مولکولی دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران

4 مربی مرکز هایتک اداره کل فنی و حرفه‌ای استان کرمانشاه

10.22034/aej.2017.528659

چکیده

این مطالعه به منظور تعیین اثر تاریخ کاشت بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک ژنوتیپ ­های گلرنگ در کشت بهاره انجام شد. آزمایش به صورت کرت­های خرد شده بر پایة طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. سه تاریخ کاشت 1، 15 و 30 فروردین به عنوان عامل اصلی و چهار ژنوتیپ گلدشت، سینا، محلی اصفهان و اراک 2811 به عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. صفاتی از قبیل وزن خشک گیاه در مراحل رویشی، غنچه­دهی و گلدهی، سرعت رشد نسبی، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه فرعی در بوته، تعداد غوزه در بوته، تعداد دانه در غوزه، وزن صد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت اندازه­ گیری شدند. اثر تاریخ کاشت بر صفات مورد بررسی به استثنای تعداد دانه در غوزه، وزن صددانه و شاخص برداشت معنی­دار بود. تاریخ کاشت 1 و 30 فروردین به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد را نشان دادند. اثر متقابل تاریخ کاشت در ژنوتیپ برای صفات وزن خشک در مرحله رویشی، وزن خشک در مرحله غنچه­دهی، وزن خشک در مرحله گلدهی و سرعت رشد نسبی محصول معنی­دار بود. رقم سینا بیشترین و اراک 2811 کمترین عملکرد را داشتند. بیشترین همبستگی مثبت و معنی­دار بین دو صفت عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد دانه مشاهده شد. همچنین عملکرد دانه با سرعت رشد نسبی، همبستگی منفی و معنی­ داری داشت که بیانگر نقش این صفت فیزیولوژیک در عملکرد دانه گلرنگ بود. بنابراین کشت ژنوتیپ سینا در تاریخ 1 فروردین برای شرایط آب و هوایی کرمانشاه توصیه می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of spring planting date on morpho-physiological traits of safflower genotypes in Kermanshah, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Aref Tabad 1
  • Bashir Ayobnejadegan Jermi 2
  • Zanyar Kohnepooshi 3
  • Masomeh Asadi Gakieh 4
1 Department of Medicinal Plants Jahad-e Daneshgahi Center of Kermanshah Kermanshah, Iran
2 Master of Horticulture Urmia University Urmia, Iran
3 Master Student of Biotechnology and Molecular Genetics Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran, Iran
4 Instructor of High-tech Center Technical and Vocational Central Office Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

The current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of sowing date on morpho-physiological traits of safflower genotypes in spring planting. The experiment was carried out in split-plot based on randomized complete block design in three replications. Sowing dates of March 21, April 04 and 19 and cultivars including Arak 2811, Esfahan landrace, Goldasht and Sina assigned in main and sub plots, respectively. The traits of dry weight at vegetative, budding, and flowering stages, relative growth rate, plant height, branches number per plant, boll number per plant, seednumber per boll, 100 seed weight, biological yield, seed yield and harvest index were measured. The effect of planting date was significant on all studied traits but seed number per boll, 100 seed weight and harvest index. The sowing date of March 21 and April 04had the highest and the lowest yield, respectively. The interaction of planting date in genotypes was significant for traits of dry weight at vegetative, budding and flowering stages, and relative growth rate. Sina and Arak 2811 cultivars had the highest and thelowest yield, respectively. The highest positive significant correlation was between biological and seed yield. Also, there was a negative significant correlationbetween relative growth rate and seed yield, indicating the role of these physiological traits on safflower seed yield. Therefore, planting of Sina cultivar of safflower on March 21 is recommending in Kermanshah climate condition.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • o Arak 2811
  • o late sowing
  • o early sowing
  • o Sina
  • o Goldasht

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