2گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران
3گروه بیو تکنولوژی و ژنتیک مولکولی دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران
4مربی مرکز هایتک اداره کل فنی و حرفه‌ای استان کرمانشاه
چکیده
این مطالعه به منظور تعیین اثر تاریخ کاشت بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک ژنوتیپ های گلرنگ در کشت بهاره انجام شد. آزمایش به صورت کرتهای خرد شده بر پایة طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. سه تاریخ کاشت 1، 15 و 30 فروردین به عنوان عامل اصلی و چهار ژنوتیپ گلدشت، سینا، محلی اصفهان و اراک 2811 به عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. صفاتی از قبیل وزن خشک گیاه در مراحل رویشی، غنچهدهی و گلدهی، سرعت رشد نسبی، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه فرعی در بوته، تعداد غوزه در بوته، تعداد دانه در غوزه، وزن صد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت اندازه گیری شدند. اثر تاریخ کاشت بر صفات مورد بررسی به استثنای تعداد دانه در غوزه، وزن صددانه و شاخص برداشت معنیدار بود. تاریخ کاشت 1 و 30 فروردین به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد را نشان دادند. اثر متقابل تاریخ کاشت در ژنوتیپ برای صفات وزن خشک در مرحله رویشی، وزن خشک در مرحله غنچهدهی، وزن خشک در مرحله گلدهی و سرعت رشد نسبی محصول معنیدار بود. رقم سینا بیشترین و اراک 2811 کمترین عملکرد را داشتند. بیشترین همبستگی مثبت و معنیدار بین دو صفت عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد دانه مشاهده شد. همچنین عملکرد دانه با سرعت رشد نسبی، همبستگی منفی و معنی داری داشت که بیانگر نقش این صفت فیزیولوژیک در عملکرد دانه گلرنگ بود. بنابراین کشت ژنوتیپ سینا در تاریخ 1 فروردین برای شرایط آب و هوایی کرمانشاه توصیه میگردد.
1Department of Medicinal Plants
Jahad-e Daneshgahi Center of Kermanshah
Kermanshah, Iran
2Master of Horticulture
Urmia University
Urmia, Iran
3Master Student of Biotechnology and Molecular Genetics
Science and Research Branch
Islamic Azad University
Tehran, Iran
4Instructor of High-tech Center Technical and Vocational Central Office
Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]
The current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of sowing date on morpho-physiological traits of safflower genotypes in spring planting. The experiment was carried out in split-plot based on randomized complete block design in three replications. Sowing dates of March 21, April 04 and 19 and cultivars including Arak 2811, Esfahan landrace, Goldasht and Sina assigned in main and sub plots, respectively. The traits of dry weight at vegetative, budding, and flowering stages, relative growth rate, plant height, branches number per plant, boll number per plant, seednumber per boll, 100 seed weight, biological yield, seed yield and harvest index were measured. The effect of planting date was significant on all studied traits but seed number per boll, 100 seed weight and harvest index. The sowing date of March 21 and April 04had the highest and the lowest yield, respectively. The interaction of planting date in genotypes was significant for traits of dry weight at vegetative, budding and flowering stages, and relative growth rate. Sina and Arak 2811 cultivars had the highest and thelowest yield, respectively. The highest positive significant correlation was between biological and seed yield. Also, there was a negative significant correlationbetween relative growth rate and seed yield, indicating the role of these physiological traits on safflower seed yield. Therefore, planting of Sina cultivar of safflower on March 21 is recommending in Kermanshah climate condition.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
o Arak 2811, o late sowing, o early sowing, o Sina, o Goldasht
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