اثر تاریخ کاشت بهاره بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک چند ژنوتیپ گلرنگ در شرایط اقلیمی کرمانشاه

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهان دارویی جهاددانشگاهی کرمانشاه

2 گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 گروه بیو تکنولوژی و ژنتیک مولکولی دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران

4 مربی مرکز هایتک اداره کل فنی و حرفه‌ای استان کرمانشاه

10.22034/aej.2017.528659

چکیده

این مطالعه به منظور تعیین اثر تاریخ کاشت بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک ژنوتیپ ­های گلرنگ در کشت بهاره انجام شد. آزمایش به صورت کرت­های خرد شده بر پایة طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. سه تاریخ کاشت 1، 15 و 30 فروردین به عنوان عامل اصلی و چهار ژنوتیپ گلدشت، سینا، محلی اصفهان و اراک 2811 به عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. صفاتی از قبیل وزن خشک گیاه در مراحل رویشی، غنچه­دهی و گلدهی، سرعت رشد نسبی، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه فرعی در بوته، تعداد غوزه در بوته، تعداد دانه در غوزه، وزن صد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت اندازه­ گیری شدند. اثر تاریخ کاشت بر صفات مورد بررسی به استثنای تعداد دانه در غوزه، وزن صددانه و شاخص برداشت معنی­دار بود. تاریخ کاشت 1 و 30 فروردین به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد را نشان دادند. اثر متقابل تاریخ کاشت در ژنوتیپ برای صفات وزن خشک در مرحله رویشی، وزن خشک در مرحله غنچه­دهی، وزن خشک در مرحله گلدهی و سرعت رشد نسبی محصول معنی­دار بود. رقم سینا بیشترین و اراک 2811 کمترین عملکرد را داشتند. بیشترین همبستگی مثبت و معنی­دار بین دو صفت عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد دانه مشاهده شد. همچنین عملکرد دانه با سرعت رشد نسبی، همبستگی منفی و معنی­ داری داشت که بیانگر نقش این صفت فیزیولوژیک در عملکرد دانه گلرنگ بود. بنابراین کشت ژنوتیپ سینا در تاریخ 1 فروردین برای شرایط آب و هوایی کرمانشاه توصیه می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of spring planting date on morpho-physiological traits of safflower genotypes in Kermanshah, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Aref Tabad 1
  • Bashir Ayobnejadegan Jermi 2
  • Zanyar Kohnepooshi 3
  • Masomeh Asadi Gakieh 4
1 Department of Medicinal Plants Jahad-e Daneshgahi Center of Kermanshah Kermanshah, Iran
2 Master of Horticulture Urmia University Urmia, Iran
3 Master Student of Biotechnology and Molecular Genetics Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran, Iran
4 Instructor of High-tech Center Technical and Vocational Central Office Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

The current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of sowing date on morpho-physiological traits of safflower genotypes in spring planting. The experiment was carried out in split-plot based on randomized complete block design in three replications. Sowing dates of March 21, April 04 and 19 and cultivars including Arak 2811, Esfahan landrace, Goldasht and Sina assigned in main and sub plots, respectively. The traits of dry weight at vegetative, budding, and flowering stages, relative growth rate, plant height, branches number per plant, boll number per plant, seednumber per boll, 100 seed weight, biological yield, seed yield and harvest index were measured. The effect of planting date was significant on all studied traits but seed number per boll, 100 seed weight and harvest index. The sowing date of March 21 and April 04had the highest and the lowest yield, respectively. The interaction of planting date in genotypes was significant for traits of dry weight at vegetative, budding and flowering stages, and relative growth rate. Sina and Arak 2811 cultivars had the highest and thelowest yield, respectively. The highest positive significant correlation was between biological and seed yield. Also, there was a negative significant correlationbetween relative growth rate and seed yield, indicating the role of these physiological traits on safflower seed yield. Therefore, planting of Sina cultivar of safflower on March 21 is recommending in Kermanshah climate condition.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • o Arak 2811
  • o late sowing
  • o early sowing
  • o Sina
  • o Goldasht

مراجع

  1. Abbasi M, Kanuni H (2000) Investigation of safflowers variation in Kurdistan province. Proceedings of the 6th Iranian Crop Science Congress, Sari, Iran 53. [in Persian]
  2. Abel GH (1975) Growth and yield of safflower in three temperature regimes. Journal of Crop Science 67(5): 639-642.
  3. Abel GH (1976) Relationship and uses of yield components in safflower breeding. Journal of Crop Science 68(3): 442-447.
  4. Bagheri M (1995) The effects of planting date on yield and its components of safflower. Master Thesis, University of Isfahan: Isfahan, Iran. [in Persian with English abstract]
  5. Bagheri M, Khajehpour MR (1996) Effects of planting pattern on growth and development of safflower. Proceedings of the 4th Iranian Crop Science Congress, Isfahan, Iran 131-132. [in Persian]
  6. Chelopaz S, Arji E, Eftekharinasab N, Azizi A (2013) Study of Nano-bio-fertilizers and different levels of vermicompost on some agronomic characters of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) in Kermanshah. Master Thesis, Academic Center for Education, Culture & Research Institute of Higher Education of Kermanshah: Kermanshah, Iran. [in Persian with English abstract]
  7. Dadashi N, Khajehpour MR (2004) Effects of temperature and day length on developmental stages of safflower genotypes under field conditions. Journal of Water and Soil Science 7(4): 83-102. [in Persian with English abstract]
  8. Elhani A (2001) Effect of sowing date and plant density on yield of safflower (LRV-51-51) in Darab region. Proceedings of the 7th Iranian Crop Science Congress, Karaj, Iran 54-55. [in Persian]
  9. Emami T, Naseri R, Falahi H, Kazemi E (2011) Response of yield, yield component and oil content of safflower (cv. Sina) to planting date and plant spacing on row in rainfed conditions of western Iran. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences 10(10): 947-953.
  10. Farokhinia M, Roshdi M, Pasban Eslam B, Sasandoost R (2011) Study of some physiological traits and yield in spring safflower under water deficit stress. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science 42(3): 545-553. [in Persian with English abstract]
  11. Fathibarchloe H (1990) Oilseeds and Edible Oils. Institute for Trade Studies and Research Press: Tehran. [in Persian]
  12. Ghavami F, Rezai A (2000) Variation and relation of morphological and phonological traits in mung bean. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 31(1): 147-158. [in Persian with English abstract]
  13. Kazrani N (1993) Evaluate and compare the performance and determine the optimum sowing date of safflower varieties in Bushire province. Final project report, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization: Tehran, Iran. [in Persian]
  14. Khajehpour MR (2004) Industrial Plants. Isfahan University of Technology. Jahad-e-Daneshgahi of Isfahan Press: Isfahan. [In Persian]
  15. Kochaki A (1991) Physiological Basis of Crop Growth and Development. Astan-e Quds-e Razavi Publication: Mashhad. [in Persian]
  16. Lueble RE, Yermanson DM, Laay AE, Burge WD (1965) Effect of planting date on seed yield oil content and water requirement safflower. Agronomy Journal 57(2): 162-164.
  17. Mohammady Nikpor AR, Kocheki VA (1999) The effect of planting date on yield and its components of safflower growth indicators. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 13(1): 7-15. [in Persian with English abstract]
  18. Mohamadzadeh M, Siadat SA, Norof MS, Naseri R (2011) The effects of planting date and row spacing on rainfed conditions. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences 10(2): 200-206.
  19. Necdet C, Esendal E (2006) Estimates of broad-sense heritability for seed yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Hereditas 143: 55-57.
  20. Nickabadi S, Solemani A, Dehdashti SM, Yazdanibakhsh M (2008) Effect of sowing dates on yield and yield components of spring safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in Isfahan region. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science 11(15):1953-1956.
  21. Omidi AH, Sharifmogadam MR (2010) Evaluation of Iranian safflower cultivars reaction to different sowing dates and plant densities. World Applied Science Journal 8(8): 953-958.
  22. Omidi Tabrizi AH (2004) Investigation of the yield and the seed oil percent in different cultivars and lines of spring safflower. Final project report, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute: Karaj, Iran. [In Persian with English abstract]
  23. Omidi Tabrizi AH, Ghannadha MR, Ahmaadi MR, Payghambari SA (1999) Evaluation of some important agronomic traits safflower using multivariate statistical methods. Iranian Journal of Agriculture Science 30(4): 817-827. [in Persian with English abstract]
  24. Rahimi MM, Normohammadi Q (2015) Assessment of the effect of different planting dates on quality and quantity yield of spring safflower cultivars (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Journal of Plant Ecophysiology 7(20): 59-67. [in Persian with English abstract]
  25. Sarmadnia Gh, Kochaki A (1989) Field Crop Physiology. Jahad-e Daneshgahi of Mashhad University Press: Mashhad. [in Persian]
  26. Scarisbrick DH, Daniels RW, Rawi AB (1982) The effect of varying seed rate on the yield and yield components of oil-seed rape. The Journal of Agricultural Science 99(3): 561-568.
  27. Shahsavari M, Yasari T, Omidi A (2012) Effects of Planting Date on Developmental Stages and some agronomic traits of spring safflower varieties. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research 10(2): 392-400. [in Persian with English abstract]
  28. Zeinali E (1999) Safflower (Characteristics, Production and Utilization). Gorgan University Press: Gorgan. [in Persian]
  29. Zimmerman LH (1973) Effect of photoperiod and temperature on rosette habit in safflower. Journal of Crop Science 13(1): 80-81.

فایل ها

اشتراک گذاری

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار