1استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران
2عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران و نخبگان دانشگاه آزاد واحد زاهدان
3عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران
4کارشناس ارشد زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد زاهدان، زاهدان، ایران
چکیده
به منظور تعیین تأثیر سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم بر برخی خصوصیات رشد و عملکردی چای ترش، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 92-1391 به صورت اسپیلت اسپیلت پلات در قالب بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در بخش مرکزی روستای شمس آباد شهرستان سراوان اجرا گردید. در این آزمایش، پتاسیم از منبع سولفات پتاسیم به عنوان فاکتور اصلی، شامل 0، 25 و 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار به صورت مصرف خاکی هم‌زمان با کاشت اعمال گردید. کود فسفره از منبع سوپر فسفات تریپل شامل 0، 50 و 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار به عنوان فاکتور فرعی هم‌زمان با کاشت به‌صورت مصرف خاکی و نیتروژن از منبع اوره شامل 0، 50 و 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار به عنوان فاکتور فرعی فرعی در نظر گرفته شد و به صورت سرک در سه مرحله ابتدای کاشت، مرحله شاخه دهی و 50% گلدهی در کنار ردیف‌های کاشت به خاک اضافه شد. کود پتاسیم و کود نیتروژن تأثیر معنی‌داری بر ارتفاع گیاه، وزن خشک غوزه، وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک داشتند، کود فسفر نیز بر همه صفات غیر از تعداد دانه در غوزه و وزن هزار دانه تأثیر معنی‌داری داشت. برهم‌کنش کودها صفات مورد بررسی را به طور معنی داری تحت تأثیر قرار داد. با افزایش سطح هر یک از کودها اغلب صفات رویشی و زایشی افزایش یافته و بیشترین عملکرد بیولوژیک و تعداد دانه در غوزه در استفاده هم زمان از سه کود حاصل گردید. در مجموع، در شرایط آبی و خاکی منطقه سراوان مصرف کود فسفر و پتاسیم در تعدیل خسارات ناشی از تنش خشکی بر گیاه دارویی چای ترش توصیه می‌شود.
Growth and yield characteristics of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) affected by different rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in Saravan, Iran
1Assistant Professor of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
2Young Researchers and Elite Club, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
3Young Researchers and Elite Club, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
4Master of Agronomy, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
چکیده [English]
To study the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium different rates on some growth and yield characteristics of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.( and experiment in split-split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Shamsabad, Saravan Iran in 2012-2013. Main factor was potassium from sulphate potassium source in 0, 25 and 50 kg/ha as soil application in planting time. Phosphorus from triple superphosphate source in 0, 50 and 100 kg/ha assigned as sub-factor as soil application in planting time. Sub-sub factors was nitrogen from urea source including 0, 50, 100 kg/ha applied as topdress in early planting, branching and 50% flowering stages potassium. Pottasium and nitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on plant height, boll dry weight, thousand kernal weight and biomass. Also, phosphorus fertilizer had significant effect on all traits but seed number in boll and thousand kernal weight. Fertilizer interaction effected on studied traits significantly. Increasing in fertilizer rate increased most of vegetative and reproductive traits. The most biological yield and number of seed per boll were obtained in simultaneous application of all fertilizers. On the whole, in Saravan region soil and climate condition application of potassium and phosphorus fertilizer can be used in drought stress damages depression in roselle plantations.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
o plant nutrition, o Potassium sulfate, o sorrel, o triple super-phosphate, o urea
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