اثر آرایش کاشت بر صفات فنولوژیکی و مرفولوژیکی آفتابگردان در منطقه زهک سیستان

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد زراعت، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد فیتوشیمی، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران

10.22034/aej.2017.531387

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر به منظور تعیین اثر آرایش کاشت بر برخی صفات فنولوژیکی و مورفولوژیکی آفتابگردان در سال زراعی 94-1393 به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­ های کامل تصادفی با  سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی شهرستان زهک به اجرا در آمد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل فاصله بین ردیف­ های کاشت در چهار سطح 30، 40، 50 و 60 سانتی ­متر و فاصله بین بوته­ ها روی ردیف کاشت به عنوان عامل دوم در چهار سطح 10، 15، 20 و 25 سانتی­ متر در نظر گرفته شدند. اثر فاصله بین ردیف­ های کاشت بر کلیه صفات مورفولوژیکی و فنولوژیکی مورد مطالعه به غیر از تعداد برگ در بوته و تعداد روز تا شروع گلدهی معنی ­دار بود. اثر فاصله روی ردیف کاشت بر کلیه صفات مورد بررسی معنی­داری بود. اثرات متقابل فاصله بین و روی ردیف تنها در تعداد برگ معنی­ دار بود. با افزایش تراکم رسیدگی فیزیولوژیکی و روز تا شروع گلدهی افزایش و طول دوره گلدهی کاهش یافت. قطر ساقه و طبق و نیز ارتفاع گیاه با افزایش فاصله بین ردیف و روی ردیف روند صعودی پیدا کرد. تراکم مطلوب کشت با مدنظر قرار دادن فاصله بین ردیف 60 سانتی­ متر و روی ردیف 25 سانتی­ متر برای دست­یابی به حداکثر عملکرد در این منطقه قابل توصیه می­ باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of planting pattern on phenological and morphological traits of sunflower in Zahak region, Sistan, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Mehraban 1
  • Afsaneh Kamali Deljoo 2
  • Omid Azizian Shermeh 3
1 Assistant professor of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Zahedan, Iran
2 MSc graduated of Agronomy, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Zahedan, Iran
3 MSc graduated of phytochemistry, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Zahedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The current study was conducted to investigate planting pattern effect on some morphological and phenological traits of sunflower. The experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design in factorial with three replications at the Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station, Zahak, Sistan, Iran in 2014-2015. Experimental factors were consisted as interspacing planting rows of 30, 40, 50, 60 cm and inter-spacing planting rows of 10, 15, 20, 25 cm. The effects of inter-spacing planting rows on all morphological and phenological traits except number of leaves per plant and days to flowering were significant. The effect of inter-spading planting rows was significant on all traits. Interaction of inter- and intra-spacing planting rows was significant only in number of leaves. Increasing in density caused maturity and flowering enhancement and decreased flowering period. Stem and head diameter and plant height increased by intra- and inter spacing planting rows increment. Optimal planting density would be 60 cm as inter- and 25 cm as intra spacing rows to achieve maximum yield in sunflower in this region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • o inter-row spacing
  • o interspecific competition
  • o intra-row spacing
  • o plant density
  • o plant spatial distribution

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