1گروه زراعت، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران
2گروه زراعت، واحد قائمشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائمشهر، ایران
3بخش دانه‌های روغنی، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، کرج، ایران
4گروه زراعت، واحد تاکستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تاکستان، ایران
چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی نقش کرم خاکی بر پالایش زیستی فلزات سنگین سرب و کادمیوم و تغییرات روند جذب آنها در ذرت، آزمایش گلدانی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1390 اجرا شد. در این آزمایش، در گلدان های تیمار 20 نخ کرم خاکی همراه با سطوح 0، 150 و 300 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک از سرب و کادمیوم استفاده شد. میزان تجمع سرب و کادمیوم در دانه با افزایش سطوح آلودگی خاک به سرب و کادمیوم افزایش یافت. فلز سرب بیشترین میزان انباشتگی را در ریشه نشان داد. در حالی که تجمع کادمیوم در ریشه 63% کمتر بود. همچنین، افزایش 14% شاخص تحمل در گیاه با حضور کرم خاکی مشاهده شد که علت آن جذب سهم بالایی از سرب و کادمیوم بود. شاخص تحمل گیاه در مقابل سرب بالاتر از کادمیوم بود که ناشی از نسبت انتقال کمتر سرب به اندام هوایی است. با افزایش سطوح فلزات سرب و کادمیوم تعداد کرم خاکی کاهش، تجمع این عناصر در کرم خاکی افزایش یافت که بیان کننده موفقیت کرم خاکی در پالایش زیستی فلزات سنگین است. به علاوه، سطوح بالاتری از سرب نسبت به کادمیوم در کرم خاکی انباشته شد. بنابراین، استفاده از کرم خاکی در زیست‌پالایی در خاک های آلوده به فلزات سنگین پیشنهاد می‌شود.
Earth worm role on bioremediation of lead and cadmium heavy metals in maize
نویسندگان [English]
Ali Eftekhari1؛ Morteza Sam Daliri1؛ Hamid Reza Mobasser2؛ Amir Hosein Shirani Rad3؛ Ali Reza Valadabadi4
1Department of Agronomy, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran
2Department of Agronomy, Ghaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ghaemshahr, Iran
3Department of Industrial Crops, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran
4Department of Agronomy, Takestan Branch Islamic of Azad University, Takestan, Iran
چکیده [English]
To investigate the earthworm role in bio-remediation of lead and cadmium heavy metals and changes in their adsorption trend in corn, a pot experiment was carried out as factorial based on randomized completely block design with three replications in 2011. The treated pots received 20 earthworm individuals with 0, 150 and 300 mg/kg of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). The increase of Cd and Pb concentrations led to higher Cd and Pb accumulation in grains. Pb highly accumulated in roots; however, Cd root accumulation was 63% less. Also, an increment of 14% was observed in plant tolerance index in presence of earthworm up-taking considerable amount of Pb and Cd. More tolerated plants against Pb was because of higher Pb translocation to shoots than Cd. Higher concentrations of Pb and Cd in soils severely decreased earthworm population and increased their accumulation in earthworm, indicating the success of the earthworm in the bio-remediation of heavy metals. Furthermore, Pb accumulated in higher levels than Cd in earthworm bodies. Therefore, earthworm application is recommended in bio-remediation of soils contaminated to heavy metals.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Cd, environmental pollutant, heavy metal toxicity, Pb, phyto-remediation, tolerance index
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